Les meilleurs doctors en Turquie pour votre Incision transurétrale de la prostate (TUIP) - TOP 31 des médecins

Le Prof. Dr. Fatih Kurtuluş est un urologue et FEBU (Fellow of European Board of Urology) diplômé de l'Université d'Istanbul, Faculté de médecine Cerrahpasa (anglais), en 1997. Il a de l'expérience dans les domaines de l'endourologie et de l'urooncologie et est professeur d'urologie depuis 2018. Il a participé à diverses organisations et projets de recherche et a publié plusieurs articles dans des revues internationales à comité de lecture. Il est également membre de diverses associations telles que l'Association européenne d'urologie, la Société d'endourologie, l'Association turque d'urologie et l'Association d'urooncologie.

M. İhsan KARAMAN est chirurgien urologue et professeur d'urologie spécialisé dans la croissance de la prostate, le cancer de la prostate, l'incontinence urinaire, la dysfonction sexuelle, les calculs rénaux, l'infertilité masculine et l'urologie pédiatrique. Il a occupé plusieurs postes, dont celui de chef de la clinique d'urologie de l'hôpital de formation et de recherche Haydarpaşa Numune et de président de l'université Medeniyet d'Istanbul, et a siégé dans divers comités nationaux et internationaux. Il est également membre de plusieurs organisations internationales de la société civile. Il parle anglais et comprend l'arabe.

Il est membre de la Société d'endourologie.

Dr. graduated from Istanbul Faculty of Medicine in 2004. Tuncay TAŞ, after the training he received at Heildelberg University, Germany, Heilbronn SLK Hospital "Laparoscopy, Robotics and Oncology Center" in 2006 and 2007, has served his patients for many years, especially in the field of Robotic and Laparoscopic surgery in Turkey. Dr. TAŞ completed his urology specialization in Istanbul in 2010.

The majority of urology practice consists of cancer diagnosis, treatment and follow-up; prostate, kidney, bladder diseases; microscopic varicocele operation, MicroTESE, sperm enhancing treatments, azoospermia, erectile dysfunction treatments and other testicular diseases in the field of men's health; HOLEP, Rezum and TUR Prostate surgery in the field of adult male health; urinary incontinence treatments in the field of women's health; minimally invasive kidney stone treatments in general urology; Surgical treatment of hypospadias and other urological disorders in children.

He works as a faculty member at the Private Urology Clinic (Safe Urology) and the University.

Scientific Organizations of which he is a Member

Turkish Urology Association

Turkish Medical Association

Endourology Association

European Association of Urology

International Stem Cell Applications Association

Specializations

Urological Oncology

Laparoscopic Urology

kidney problems

Neurourology

Penis Surgery

Education

2004

Istanbul Faculty of Medicine

medical School

2006 2007

University of Heidelberg, Germany

Scholarship: Urological Oncology and Laparoscopic Urology Department of Urology SLK Kliniken Heilbronn University of Heidelberg, Germany

2010

Health Sciences University Taksim Training and Research Hospital

Postgraduate Medical Education – Specialization in Urology

Experience

2017 - 2022 Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Associate Professor

2017 - 2022 Haseki Training and Research Hospital

2013 - 2017 Haseki Training and Research Hospital

2013 - 2017 Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Chief Resident

2010 - 2013 Silivri State Hospital (Compulsory Service Obligation)

2008 - 2008 University of Michigan Medical School

2005 - 2010 Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Urology

Education

2010 Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Urology

2004 Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty

Publications

International Peer-Reviewed Journals:

Culpan M, Atis G, Sanli O, Bozkurt Y, Atmaca AF, Semerci B, Kutsal C, Canda AE, Akbulut F, Tugcu V, Boylu U, Erturhan S, Koca O, Ateş F, Halis F, Soyupek S, Turna B, Cakmak S, Sahin S, Erdem S, Yildirim A. "Comparison of Tumor Enucleation and Standard Partial Nephrectomy According to Trifecta Outcomes: A Multicenter Study by the Turkish Academy of Urology, Uro-Oncology Working Group." J Invest Surg. 2022 May;35(5):1112-1118.

Sahan M, Sarilar O, Akbulut MF, Demir E, Savun M, Sen O, Ozgor F. "Flexible ureterorenoscopy and laser lithotripsy with regional anesthesia vs general anesthesia: A prospective randomized study." Int Braz J Urol. 2020 Nov-Dec;46(6):1010-1018.

Cubuk A, Yanaral F, Savun M, Ayranci A, Erbin A, Yazici O, Akbulut MF, Sarilar O. "Modified autologous transobturator tape surgery - evaluation of short-term results." Ginekol Pol. 2020;91(2):51-56.

Kandemir E, Savun M, Sezer A, Erbin A, Akbulut MF, Sarilar Ö. "Comparison of Miniaturized Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and Standard Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Secondary Patients: A Randomized Prospective Study." J Endourol. 2020 Jan;34(1):26-32.

Ucpinar B, Erbin A, Ayranci A, Caglar U, Alis D, Basal S, Sarilar O, Akbulut MF. "Prediction of recurrence in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients. Do patient characteristics matter?" J BUON. 2019 Jul-Aug;24(4):1659-1665.

Ozdemir H, Erbin A, Sahan M, Savun M, Cubuk A, Yazici O, Akbulut MF, Sarilar O. "Comparison of supine and prone miniaturized percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the treatment of lower pole, middle pole and renal pelvic stones: A matched pair analysis." Int Braz J Urol. 2019 Sep-Oct;45(5):956-964.

Erbin A, Ucpinar B, Cubuk A, Yazici O, Uysal H, Savun M, Basal S, Akbulut MF. "The Impact of Sheath Size in Miniaturized Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Adult Patients; A Matched-pair Analysis." Urol J. 2019 Dec 24;16(6):536-540.

Güler A, Erbin A, Ucpinar B, Savun M, Sarilar O, Akbulut MF. "Comparison of miniaturized percutaneous nephrolithotomy and standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the treatment of large kidney stones: a randomized prospective study." Urolithiasis. 2019 Jun;47(3):289-295.

Yanaral F, Ozgor F, Savun M, Agbas A, Akbulut F, Sarilar O. "Shock-wave Lithotripsy for Pediatric Patients: Which Nomogram Can Better Predict Postoperative Outcomes?" Urology. 2018 Jul;117:126-130.

Arslan B, Akbulut MF, Onuk O, Küçüktopçu O, Çilesiz NC, Ozkan A, Yazıcı G. "A comparison of Amplatz dilators and metal dilators for tract dilatation in mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy." Int Urol Nephrol. 2017 Apr;49(4):581-585.

Akbulut F, Kucuktopcu O, Kandemir E, Ucpinar B, Ozgor F, Simsek A, Arslan B, Erbin A, Yanaral F, Binbay M, Gurbuz G. "Efficacy and safety of mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy in obese patients." Springerplus. 2016 Jul 22;5(1):1148.

Sancak EB, Oguz S, Akbulut T, Uludag A, Akbas A, Kurt O, Akbulut MF. "Female sexual dysfunction in androgenetic alopecia: Case-control study." Can Urol Assoc J. 2016, July;10(7-8):E251-256.

Akbulut F, Kucuktopcu O, Kandemir E, Sonmezay E, Simsek A, Ozgor F, Binbay M, Muslumanoglu AY, Gurbuz G. "Comparison of flexible ureterorenoscopy and mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy in treatment of lower calyceal stones smaller than 2 cm." Ren Fail. 2016;38(1):163-7.

Tok A, Akbulut F, Buldu I, Karatag T, Kucuktopcu O, Gurbuz G, Istanbulluoglu O, Armagan A, Tepeler A, Tasci AI. "Comparison of microperc and mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy for medium-sized lower calyx stones." Urolithiasis. 2016 Apr;44(2):155-9.

Akbulut F, Tok A, Penbegul N, Daggulli M, Eryildirim B, Adanur S, Gurbuz G, Celik H, Utangac MM, Dede O, Bodakcı MN, Tepeler A, Sarica K. "Colon perforation related to percutaneous nephrolithotomy: from diagnosis to treatment." Urolithiasis. 2015 Nov;43(6):521-6.

Ozluk Y, Sari S, Guzel NT, Firat P, Akbulut F, Kilicaslan I. "Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney with sarcomatous transformation metastatic to the lung: A case report." Anal Quant Cytopathol Histpathol. 2015 Jun;37(3):199-205.

Ozgor F, Kucuktopcu O, Sarilar O, Toptas M, Simsek A, Gurbuz ZG, Akbulut MF, Binbay M. "Does previous open renal surgery or percutaneous nephrolithotomy affect the outcomes and complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy." Urolithiasis. 2015 Nov;43(6):541-7.

Ugurlu İM, Akman T, Binbay M, Tekinarslan E, Yazıcı Ö, Akbulut MF, Özgör F, Müslümanoğlu AY. "Outcomes of retrograde flexible ureteroscopy and laser lithotripsy for stone disease in patients with anomalous kidneys." Urolithiasis. 2015 Feb;43(1):77-82.

Simsek A, Ozgor F, Kirecci SL, Akbulut MF, Sonmezay E, Yuksel B, Kucuktopcu O, Gurbuz ZG. "Results of tension-free vaginal tape for recurrent stress urinary incontinence after unsuccessful transobturator tape surgery." J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2014 Jun;40(6):1764-9.

Simsek A, Kirecci SL, Kucuktopcu O, Ozgor F, Akbulut MF, Sarilar O, Ozkuvanci U, Gurbuz ZG. "Comparison of paroxetine and dapoxetine, a novel selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in the treatment of premature ejaculation." Asian J Androl. 2014 Sep-Oct;16(5):725-7.

Akbulut F, Kucuktopcu O, Sonmezay E, Simsek A, Ozgor F, Gurbuz ZG. "Partial penectomy after debridement of a Fournier's gangrene progressing with an isolated penile necrosis." Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2014 Sep;20(5):385-8.

Simsek A, Ozgor F, Yuksel B, Kucuktopcu O, Kirecci SL, Toptas M, Sarilar O, Berberoglu AY, Gurbuz ZG, Mimaroglu S, Akbulut F, Baykal M, Arslan B, Savun M, Ucpinar B. "Female sexual function after transobturator tape in women with urodynamic stress urinary incontinence." Springerplus. 2014 Sep 30;3:570.

Akbulut F, Akman T, Salabas E, Dincer M, Ortac M, Kadioglu A. "Neurovascular bundle dissection for Nesbit procedure in congenital penile curvature patients: medial or lateral?" Asian J Androl. 2014 May-Jun;16(3):442-5.

Kadioglu A, Sanli O, Akman T, Canguven O, Aydin M, Akbulut F, Kucukdurmaz F. "Factors Affecting the Degree of Penile Deformity in Peyronie's Disease: An Analysis of 1001 Patients." J Androl. 2011 Sep-Oct;32(5):502-8.

Akman T, Sanli O, Uluocak N, Akbulut F, Nane I, Demir S, Kadioglu A. "The most commonly altered type of Peyronie's disease deformity under oral colchicine treatment is lateral curvature that mostly shifts to the dorsal side." Andrologia. 2011 Feb;43(1):28-33.

Akbulut MF, Sanli O, Kadioglu A. "Editorial Comment on: Are Infertile Men Less Healthy than Fertile Men? Results of a Prospective Case-Control Survey." Eur Urol. 2009 Dec;56(6):1032.

Acar O, Akinci M, Uluocak N, Akbulut F, Kilicaslan I, Gokce O. "Paratesticular metastasis of malignant melanoma: a case report." Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2008 Jun;24(6):315-8.

Çubuk A, Erbin A, Savun M, Ayranci A, Üçpınar B, Yanaral F, Sarılar Ö, Basal Ş, Akbulut MF. "Autologous transobturator midurethral sling." Turk J Urol. 2018 Dec 21;45(3):230-232.

Sarılar Ö, Özgör F, Küçüktopçu O, Uçpınar B, Akbulut MF, Savun M, Gürbüz ZG, Binbay M. "Is standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy still the standard treatment modality for renal stones less than three centimeters?" Turk J Urol. 2017 Jun;43(2):165-170.

Akbulut F, Savun M, Ucpinar B, Sahan M, Arslan B, Ozgor F, Simsek A, Berberoglu AY, Baykal M, Binbay M. "Duplicated Renal System with H Shaped Ureter: An Extraordinary Anomaly." Case Rep Urol. 2016;2016:4062515.

Akbulut F, Kucuktopcu O, Kandemir E, Sonmezay E, Simsek A, Ucpinar B, Ozgor F, Gurbuz G. "Comparison of efficacy of laser lithotripter with ultrasonic lithotripter in mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy." Arch Ital Urol Androl. 2016 Jan 14;87(4):276-9.

Ozgor F, Simsek A, Aydogdu O, Kucuktopcu O, Sarilar O, Berberoglu AY, Akbulut MF, Binbay M. "Bleeding during laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: Can a hemostatic matrix help to improve hemostasis?"

Prof. Dr. Abdulmuttalip Şimşek

Prof. Dr. Abdulmuttalip Şimşek graduated from Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine in 2005. In 2010, he completed his 'Specialization Training' in the field of Urology at Foundation Gureba Hospital. Prof., who conducts studies at Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Lütfiye Nuri Burat State Hospital and Haseki Training and Research Hospital. Dr. Abdulmuttalip Şimşek received the title of Associate Professor in 2015.

He carried out studies at the University of Sheffield and Hallamshire Hospital between 2015 and 2016. Returning to Turkey in 2016, Prof. worked as a teaching assistant at Bakırköy Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital. Dr. Abdulmuttalip Şimşek has been working as a urologist at Başakşehir Çam and Sakura Hospital since 2020.

Prof. has an innovative perspective in the field of urology. Dr. Abdulmuttalip Şimşek treats his patients by taking advantage of developing technology. Prof. has made significant contributions to the field of urology with many international research and scientific publications. Dr. Abdulmuttalip Şimşek treats his patients as a Robotic and Reconstructive Urology Specialist.

Education status:

Degree

Department/Program

University

Year

Undergraduate Medicine Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul 1999-2005

Specialization in Medicine Urology Bezmi Alem Vakif University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul 2005-2010

Associate Professorship SBU Haseki Training and Research Hospital 2015

PhD in Reconstructive Urology under the direction of Professor Christopher Chapple, University of Sheffield and Hallamshire Hospital, England 2015-2016

Medical Specialization Thesis Title and Advisor: Comparison of Efficacy and Complication Rates of Transobturator and Retropubic Midurethral Loose Sling Surgery in Stress Urinary Incontinence Patients (2010) Thesis Advisor: Prof.Dr. Sinasi Yavuz Önol Bezmi Alem Vakıf University Faculty of Medicine Urology Clinic

Areas of Interest: Reconstructive urology, Robotic surgery, Urooncology

Tasks:

Job Title

Duty Station

Year

Expert Dr. Lütfiye Nuri Burat State Hospital – Istanbul 2011- 2012

Expert Dr. Haseki Training and Research Hospital Urology Clinic - Istanbul 2012 January - 2015

Assoc. Dr. Haseki Training and Research Hospital Urology Clinic - Istanbul 2015

Associate Professor. University of Sheffield and Hallamshire Hospital, England 2015-2016

Education Officer Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital Urology Clinic - Istanbul 2016 – May 2020

Education Officer Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital Urology Clinic - Istanbul 2020 June - Present

Administrative Duties:

Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital Urology Clinic Administrative Manager – 2020

Supervised Theses:

expertise in medicine

Yunus ÇOLAKOĞLU (2020). Comparison of oncological and functional results of Robotic and Open Perineal Radical Prostatectomy. University of Health Sciences, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital Urology Clinic

Ramazan UĞUR (2020). The effect of end-to-end anastomosis urethroplasty and buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty techniques on erectile function in bulbar urethra stenosis. University of Health Sciences, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital Urology Clinic

Abdullah Hızır YAVUZSAN (2017). Comparison of peroperative parameters according to renal nephrometry score in robotic and laparoscopic partial nephrectomies. University of Health Sciences, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital Urology Clinic

Memberships to Scientific Organizations:

Turkish Urology Association

Turkish Andrology Association

European Association of Urology

American Urological Association

American Society of Genitourinary Reconstructive Surgery

Awards :

Alpay KELAMI, Men's Sexual Health award, Turkish Andrology Association, 2011

Men's Sexual Health Alpay KELAMI award, Turkish Andrology Association, 2009

Marital Status : He is married, his wife is an ophthalmologist, and he is the father of two sons, aged 27 (Medical doctor) and 20 (Student).

Educational Status

1988 Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine / Bursa

1982 Kabataş Boys' High School / Istanbul

1979 Göztepe Secondary School / Istanbul

1976 Harun Reşit Primary School / Istanbul

Institutions he works for

2020 Biruni University Hospital, Head of Urology Department / ISTANBUL
2017 Yeni Yüzyıl University Gaziosmanpaşa Hospital, Head of Urology Department / ISTANBUL

2016 Taksim Training and Research Hospital Urology Clinic Education and Administrative Supervisor / Istanbul

2009 Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital Urology Clinic Chief / Istanbul

2007 International Hospital, Yeşilköy / Istanbul

2007 Ankara Training and Research Hospital 2nd Urology Clinic / Ankara

2001 Military Service, Marshal Fevzi Çakmak Military Hospital / Erzurum

1999 Bergama State Hospital / Izmir

1997 Ankara Training and Research Hospital Specialization Program / Ankara

1992 Izmit State Hospital / Izmit

 

diplomas

2011 Professorship

2006 Associate Professorship

1997 Urology Specialist

1988 Doctor of Medicine

Associations and organizations of which he is a member

European Association of Urology

Turkish Urology Association

Northern Marmara Urology Association

Endourology Association

Nuhoğlu Foundation

Scientific Publications

Author of over 100 publications, presentations and book chapters, 58 of which are international.

Education and Career

2011 – 2015, (Internal Medicine Specialist) Istanbul University Istanbul School of Education and Career

Medicine Department of Internal Medicine

2015 – 2016, (Internal Medicine) Specialist Istanbul Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital

2016 – 2019, (Medical Oncology) Istanbul University Istanbul School of Medicine Department of Medical Oncology

2019 – 2021, (Medical Oncology Specialist) - Istanbul Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital

2021 – 2024, (Associate Professor) Marmara University School of Medicine Department of Medical Oncology

Memberships in Scientific Organizations

ASCO

ESMO

TTOD 

AVOD 

Publications

In the field of oncology, he has published over 30 peer-reviewed articles at both international and national levels.

Awards Received

EAACI The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2019 Best Poster Award

"The top 3rd verbal presentation, IGICC (11th International Gastrointestinal Cancers Conference – IGICC2021)"

Speeches Delivered at National Congresses, Conferences, and Symposia:

Courses, Meetings, and Certificates

ESMO certified Medical Oncologist since 2019

Dr. Sılay is an experienced pediatric urologist practicing in Turkey.

Specialty

Assoc. Prof. Selçuk Sılay specializes in robotic surgery for urology conditions in children.

Dr. Selçuk Sılay has provided over:

• 300 pediatric laparoscopic surgeries
• 100 pediatric robotic surgeries
• 300 closed kidney stone surgeries in children.

Work experience

• Since 2018 – Urologist in Memorial Bahçelievler Hospital and Memorial Ataşehir Hospital
• 2017-2018 – Pediatric urology robotic surgery specialist in Mehmet Akif Ersoy Training and Research Hospital
• 2016-2018 – Head of Pediatric Urology Department in Istanbul Medeniyet University Göztepe Training and Research Hospital
• 2011-2016 – Head of Pediatric Urology Department at the Bezmialem Foundation University
• 2009 – Urology Specialist in Diyarbakir Bismil State Hospital
• 2006-2007 – Urology and Robotic Surgery Specialist.

Education

• 1997-2003 – Ankara University Medical School – Degree in general medicine
• 2003 – Baylor College of Medicine (USA) – Training in urology
• 2004-2009 – Istanbul Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Education And Research Hospital – Training in urology
• 2006-2007 – Baylor College of Medicine (USA) – Internship in urology
• 2014-2015 – Texas Children's Hospital (USA) – Pediatric Urology Robotic Surgery Training (USA).

Awards

• 2016 Young Academician of the Year Award by the 24th National Urology Congress in Cyprus
• 2018 Crystal Matula Award as European Academician of the Year.

Scientific activity

Prof. Selçuk Sılay provides research in robotic surgery in children. Has written over 80 articles.

Membership in organizations

• The Turkish Society of Pediatric Urology
• The European Association of Urology
• The European Society for Paediatric Urology
• The Turkish Association of Urology.

Areas Of Interest 

Laser Prostate Surgery (HoLEP, ThuFLEP) 

Robotic and Laparoscopic Urological Surgery 

Robotic MR/ Ultrasound Prostate Fusion Biopsy 

Urological Oncologic Surgery 

Andrology 

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (water vapor to the prostate) 

Focal Treatment for Prostate Cancer (HIFU, Nano Knife) 

Education 

Elementary school- Kolak, Denizli, Turkey (1986-1990) 

Secondary School- Yenimahalle School, Yatagan, Turkey (1990-1994) 

High School- Turgutreis High School, Muğla, Turkey (1994-1998) 

Gülhane Military Medical Academy Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (1998-2004) 

Gülhane Military Medical Academy Urology Clinic Specialty Training, Ankara, Turkey (2007-2012)

Experience 

Liv Ulus Hospital 

Şişli Kolan International Hospital 

Istanbul University of Health and Technology 

Gülhane Military Medical Academy (GATA) 

Gülhane Education and Research Hospital 

University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Faculty of Medicine

Specialties

Kidney and urinary tract endoscopic stone crushing treatment

Endoscopic Prostate and Bladder Surgery (TUR Method)

Diagnosis and surgery of testicular diseases

Diagnosis and treatment of infertility in men (Varicocele surgeries)

Diagnosis and treatment of sexual dysfunctions

Treatment of urinary incontinence in women

Treatment of nocturnal incontinence in children

Treatment of undescended testicle in children

Circumcision

Experience

1995-1999 Bilecik State Hospital Urology Clinic

1999-2002 Kocaeli Gölcük State Hospital Urology Clinic

2002-2006 Sakarya Karasu State Hospital Urology Clinic and Chief Physician

2006-2012 Kocaeli State Hospital Urology Clinic and Chief Physician

2012-2015 Kocaeli State Hospital Urology Clinic

2015-2018 Kocaeli Public Hospitals Secretary General

2018-2021 Kocaeli Provincial Health Director

2021-2023 Kocaeli Darıca Farabi Training and Research Hospital Urology Clinic

2023- 2024 Kocaeli Gölcük Necati Çelik State Hospital Urology Clinic

2024 Private Darıca Büyük Anadolu Hospital

Education

Uludag University Faculty of Medicine (graduation) 1988

Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine (specialization) 1994

1982-1988 Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine

1990 -1994 Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology (Specialization)

Scientific Publications

Acar A., Sert I. Ü., Gürbüz R., Ergüney Ş: Submucosal methotrexate applications in inoperable bladder tumors.  S.Ü.T.F. Journal. 1993; 9(1):39-41

Acar A., Sert İ.Ü., Gürbüz R., Arslan E.M., Ergüney Ş. , : Bladder wall and prostate

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