Le Bumrungrad International Hospital est un établissement accrédité par la JCI doté d'un département de neurosciences dédié. Le professeur adjoint Dr Peerapong Montriwiwatchai, neurochirurgien avec _doctor_1290_years_ d'expérience, est spécialisé dans la chirurgie de la colonne vertébrale et détient une bourse du Temple University Hospital. Le traitement chirurgical de l'épilepsie coûte généralement entre 12 600 $ et 27 300 $.
L'hôpital international Bumrungrad est un établissement médical mondial situé à Bangkok, en Thaïlande, spécialisé en oncologie, ophtalmologie, orthopédie, neurosciences, chirurgie cardiaque , examens de santé, etc. Plus d'un million de patients choisissent Bumrungrad chaque année. 50 % d'entre eux sont des patients internationaux originaires de plus de 190 pays.
L'hôpital est l'un des plus grands centres privés d'Asie du Sud-Est et l'une des cliniques ambulatoires les plus importantes au monde. Bumrungrad International est reconnu comme l'un des 10 meilleurs hôpitaux et l'un des 30 cliniques les plus avancées technologiquement au monde.
\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24b3e51912","title":"Façade du Bumrungrad International Hospital de nuit à Bangkok, Thaïlande"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24b3eaddb3","title":"Salon pour patients à l'hôpital international Bumrungrad, intérieur moderne à Bangkok"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24b3ee9fd9","title":"room"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24b3f4d8df","title":"Accueil et salle d'attente à Bumrungrad International Hospital, Bangkok"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Thaïlande","id":45,"alias":"thailand","iso_code":"TH"},"city":{"name":"Bangkok","id":75,"alias":"bangkok"},"address":"33 Sukhumvit Soi 3, Wattana Bangkok 10110 Thailand"},"rating":{"rating":4.6,"google":3.8,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":90},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":131,"doctors_number":1300,"year_foundation":1980},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db982e01da4b.jpeg","name":"Organisation internationale de normalisation","country_code":"CH"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5d10bad3836ab.jpeg","name":"Programme mondial d'accréditation des soins de santé","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5e5e5c99ba5be.jpeg","name":"Meilleurs hôpitaux du monde 2020 par Newsweek","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/609cdeda74941.jpeg","name":"Meilleurs hôpitaux du monde 2021 par Newsweek","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/60d499a36ac19.jpeg","name":"Meilleurs Hôpitaux Intelligents du Monde 2021 par Newsweek","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/636103a731801.jpeg","name":"Meilleurs hôpitaux du monde 2022 par Newsweek","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/6360fa074cde8.jpeg","name":"Meilleurs Hôpitaux Intelligents du Monde 2023 par Newsweek","country_code":"US"}],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}]}},{"text":"L'hôpital Chiangmai Ram est l'un des établissements médicaux les plus réputés de Chiang Mai, en Thaïlande. La neurologie, la dentisterie et l'ophtalmologie sont les spécialités les plus importantes. La qualité des services médicaux et des traitements est confirmée par la Joint Commission International. Des patients des États-Unis, du Canada, du Royaume-Uni et d'autres pays choisissent l'hôpital Chiangmai Ram pour se faire soigner.
\n","text_type":"short_description","reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":599,"alias":"chiangmai-ram-hospital","name":"Chiangmai Ram Hospital","short_description":"L'hôpital Chiangmai Ram est l'un des établissements médicaux les plus réputés de Chiang Mai, en Thaïlande. La neurologie, la dentisterie et l'ophtalmologie sont les spécialités les plus importantes. La qualité des services médicaux et des traitements est confirmée par la Joint Commission International. Des patients des États-Unis, du Canada, du Royaume-Uni et d'autres pays choisissent l'hôpital Chiangmai Ram pour se faire soigner.
\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/65a0d9b8fc43d","title":"Accueil du Chiangmai Ram Hospital, design moderne avec personnel à la réception"},{"base_url":"clinic/d79d37a89319e","title":"Bâtiment extérieur du Chiangmai Ram Hospital à Chiang Mai, Thaïlande"},{"base_url":"clinic/241e4c275eab1","title":"Espace d'attente moderne au Chiangmai Ram Hospital avec plafond bleu et sièges confortables"},{"base_url":"clinic/f1eef7a955d6d","title":"Façade du Chiangmai Ram Hospital, établissement médical moderne à plusieurs étages à Chiang Mai, Thaïlande"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Thaïlande","id":45,"alias":"thailand","iso_code":"TH"},"city":{"name":"Chiang Mai","id":420,"alias":"chiang-mai"},"address":"8 Boonreungrit Rd., A.Muang Chiang Mai, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":3.6,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":0,"year_foundation":0},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International","country_code":"US"}]}},{"text":"La Demarest Clinic est spécialisée dans les traitements régénératifs de pointe avec des thérapies cellulaires certifiées AABB. Le traitement chirurgical de l'épilepsie coûte généralement entre 12 600 $ et 27 300 $. Le Dr Tatiana Zhelninova-Bosch apporte _doctor_9127_years_ d'expertise dans les traitements médicaux avancés, y compris des essais cliniques pionniers au Hadassah Medical Center. Le laboratoire certifié de la clinique soutient une planification chirurgicale précise et des soins postopératoires avec des thérapies par cellules souches.
La Demarest Clinic est la première clinique en Thaïlande autorisée par le ministère de la Santé pour la thérapie par cellules souches allogéniques. Elle est spécialisée dans la médecine régénérative et les thérapies cellulaires.
Spécialisé en médecine esthétique avec une formation internationale en procédures mini-invasives, y compris les applications de toxine botulique.
Le Dr Siriporn Cheawchanwej est médecin esthétique à la clinique Somchai de Bangkok. Elle a réalisé plus de 15 000 interventions au cours de sa carrière. Elle est titulaire d'un diplôme en médecine esthétique de l'American Academy of Aesthetic Medicine. Le Dr Cheawchanwej a suivi une formation spécifique en design facial à l'université Mae Fah Luang.
La Somchai Clinic est un centre de dermatologie et de médecine esthétique situé à Bangkok, fondé en 2001 par deux médecins. Il accueille 10 000 patients chaque année et se concentre sur la chirurgie esthétique et les traitements au laser.
Le médecin est un neurochirurgien très expérimenté avec 27 ans dans le domaine, spécialisé dans la chirurgie de la colonne vertébrale. Après avoir obtenu un MD de l'Université Chulalongkorn, Thaïlande, en 1994, le médecin a complété un diplôme du Conseil thaïlandais de neurochirurgie en 1997. Pour affiner davantage son expertise, le médecin a poursuivi une bourse en chirurgie neurologique à l'hôpital de l'Université Temple, Philadelphie, États-Unis, en 2003.<\\/p>
","statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0,"operations_performed_count":0,"awards_count":0}},"clinic":{"id":250,"alias":"bumrungrad-international-hospital","name":"Bumrungrad International Hospital","short_description":"L'hôpital international Bumrungrad est un établissement médical mondial situé à Bangkok, en Thaïlande, spécialisé en oncologie, ophtalmologie, orthopédie, neurosciences, chirurgie cardiaque , examens de santé, etc. Plus d'un million de patients choisissent Bumrungrad chaque année. 50 % d'entre eux sont des patients internationaux originaires de plus de 190 pays.
L'hôpital est l'un des plus grands centres privés d'Asie du Sud-Est et l'une des cliniques ambulatoires les plus importantes au monde. Bumrungrad International est reconnu comme l'un des 10 meilleurs hôpitaux et l'un des 30 cliniques les plus avancées technologiquement au monde.
\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24b3e51912","title":"Façade du Bumrungrad International Hospital de nuit à Bangkok, Thaïlande"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24b3eaddb3","title":"Salon pour patients à l'hôpital international Bumrungrad, intérieur moderne à Bangkok"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24b3ee9fd9","title":"room"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24b3f4d8df","title":"Accueil et salle d'attente à Bumrungrad International Hospital, Bangkok"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Thaïlande","id":45,"alias":"thailand","iso_code":"TH"},"city":{"name":"Bangkok","id":75,"alias":"bangkok"},"address":"33 Sukhumvit Soi 3, Wattana Bangkok 10110 Thailand"},"rating":{"rating":4.6,"google":3.8,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":90},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":131,"doctors_number":1300,"year_foundation":1980},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db982e01da4b.jpeg","name":"Organisation internationale de normalisation","country_code":"CH"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5d10bad3836ab.jpeg","name":"Programme mondial d'accréditation des soins de santé","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5e5e5c99ba5be.jpeg","name":"Meilleurs hôpitaux du monde 2020 par Newsweek","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/609cdeda74941.jpeg","name":"Meilleurs hôpitaux du monde 2021 par Newsweek","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/60d499a36ac19.jpeg","name":"Meilleurs Hôpitaux Intelligents du Monde 2021 par Newsweek","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/636103a731801.jpeg","name":"Meilleurs hôpitaux du monde 2022 par Newsweek","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/6360fa074cde8.jpeg","name":"Meilleurs Hôpitaux Intelligents du Monde 2023 par Newsweek","country_code":"US"}]}},{"doctor":{"id":9127,"alias":"tatiana-zhelninova-bosch","name":"Tatiana Zhelninova - Bosch","clinic_id":6254,"photo":"doctor/6771ade5bbea7","first_year_working":1993,"created_at":"2024-12-29T20:15:32.048+00:00","short_description":"Le Dr Tatiana Zhelninova-Bosch est cardiologue et spécialiste en médecine régénérative à la Demarest Clinic de Phuket. Elle est une leader reconnue dans le domaine de la thérapie par cellules souches et de la gestion des essais cliniques. Le Dr Zhelninova-Bosch a précédemment occupé les postes de médecin-chef et de directrice médicale de Hadassah Medical Moscow. Elle traite des pathologies complexes telles que l'athérosclérose, l'insuffisance cardiaque et l'hypertension pulmonaire.
La Demarest Clinic est la première clinique en Thaïlande autorisée par le ministère de la Santé pour la thérapie par cellules souches allogéniques. Elle est spécialisée dans la médecine régénérative et les thérapies cellulaires.
En Thaïlande, le traitement chirurgical de l'épilepsie coûte entre _op_408_price_from_ et _op_408_price_to_. Le tarif final varie selon l'approche, l'imagerie nécessaire et la complexité du cas. En France, ces interventions coûtent environ _price_compare_FR_average_. La Thaïlande permet des économies d'environ _price_percent_discount_%. Sont généralement incluses : les consultations neurochirurgicales, l'EEG, l'IRM cérébrale, l'anesthésie et l'hospitalisation.
\n\nAvis d'expert Bookimed : Opter pour un établissement de renommée mondiale comme l'hôpital Bumrungrad International est un excellent choix. Certifié JCI, il est classé parmi les meilleurs hôpitaux au monde par Newsweek. Dès 10 850 €, ces services avancés proposent chirurgie robotique et imagerie assistée par IA. Cela garantit une grande précision pour les cas complexes. Les patients trouvent à Bangkok un équilibre idéal entre coût et technologie.
"},"pros_cons_mc":{"text":"Ce que les patients apprécient :
\nCe que les patients n'apprécient pas :
\nSur Bookimed.com, nous fournissons des informations sur le traitement chirurgical de l'épilepsie en Thaïlande, fondées sur la recherche, la prévoyance et l'expertise. Nous avons une immense responsabilité envers nos clients — tant les patients que les centres médicaux. Toutes les informations fournies sur notre plateforme répondent à un intérêt élevé lié au produit.
\n\nNos listes de cliniques et de médecins sont formées selon les réglementations strictes de notre système de classement automatique intelligent. Le système est basé sur les évaluations réelles des patients Bookimed afin de fournir les informations les plus objectives et transparentes sur les cliniques et les services médicaux liés au traitement chirurgical de l'épilepsie en Thaïlande.
\n\nNotre data scientist expérimenté collecte des données quotidiennement, surveille et optimise le système de classement en utilisant l'apprentissage automatique et l'intelligence artificielle pour garantir que le système de classement est à jour et fournit des résultats précis.
\n\nNous recueillons les avis des clients de Bookimed uniquement après qu'ils aient eu une expérience médicale avec la clinique liée au traitement chirurgical de l'épilepsie en Thaïlande — afin que chacun sur la plateforme puisse faire confiance à l'établissement qu'il choisit. Nous nous efforçons de rendre le contenu de notre plateforme aussi utile que possible et d'assurer la liberté d'exprimer des opinions critiques. Ainsi, nous publions des avis positifs et négatifs, dans le but d'être une source de prise de décision éclairée pour nos futurs clients.
\n\nSur Bookimed.com, vous pouvez trouver le choix et la commodité pour découvrir les meilleures solutions médicales auprès des meilleurs prestataires de services médicaux liés au traitement chirurgical de l'épilepsie en Thaïlande, le tout en un seul endroit, et souvent à des prix compétitifs. En veillant à fournir les informations les plus récentes, les représentants des cliniques mettent à jour eux-mêmes rapidement les CV des médecins, les capacités des cliniques, les photos avant-après, les prix, les forfaits et les offres spéciales. Vous pouvez rencontrer le représentant de la clinique et vérifier la date de mise à jour du contenu sur la page de chaque clinique pour vous assurer de sa fiabilité.
\n\nNotre blog et nos articles de soutien liés au traitement chirurgical de l'épilepsie en Thaïlande sont créés par des auteurs professionnels ayant au moins 3 ans d'expérience dans la rédaction médicale et édités par des spécialistes médicaux possédant une expertise clinique et de recherche pertinente — tous soigneusement recrutés dans l'équipe. Nous nous efforçons d'améliorer l'accès des patients aux informations de santé, en les rendant expertes mais faciles à comprendre. Tous les articles respectent les Directives éditoriales de Bookimed.
\n\nNous sommes faits de personnes et pour les personnes — et c'est notre valeur fondamentale. C'est pourquoi toutes les données présentées sur la plateforme liées au traitement chirurgical de l'épilepsie en Thaïlande sont collectées, éditées, examinées et mises à jour régulièrement par nos patients, nos cliniques partenaires et notre équipe, y compris le Conseil consultatif médical de Bookimed, qui se compose de médecins de renommée mondiale avec une expertise précieuse de plus de 20 ans de pratique et une réputation positive. En savoir plus sur nous et notre mission.
\n\nSi vous trouvez une erreur ou si vous avez des questions sur les informations présentées sur Bookimed.com liées au traitement chirurgical de l'épilepsie en Thaïlande, n'hésitez pas à nous contacter à marketing@bookimed.com.
"}},"texts":{"guide_mc":{"text":"Jour 1
Jour 2
Jour 3
Jour 4
Jour 5
Jour 6-14
Semaine 3-4
Semaine 5-6
Semaine 7+
Veuillez noter que le cas de chaque patient est individuel et peut varier. Les décisions concernant le déroulement exact du traitement doivent être prises en coopération avec votre professionnel de la santé.
"}}},"faq":[{"id":"5ed8fe9d6f5798138223b287","question":"Quels documents sont nécessaires pour obtenir un visa pour la Thaïlande pour un traitement ?","answer":"Pour obtenir un visa pour la Thaïlande, un certain nombre de documents sont requis. Les documents nécessaires peuvent être soumis 90 jours avant le départ prévu. La liste des documents comprend :
La santé est un secteur de développement clé pour le gouvernement thaïlandais. Les autorités thaïlandaises sont convaincues que prendre soin de la santé des citoyens doit être une priorité absolue de la politique gouvernementale et consacrent chaque année environ 25 milliards de bahts aux soins de santé.
En conséquence, 36 673 établissements de santé fournissent d’excellents soins de santé dans le pays. 64 centres médicaux du Royaume sont certifiés par JCI (Joint Commission International) , un organisme international visant à améliorer la qualité et la sécurité des services médicaux dans le monde. L'indice des certificats reçus est le plus important. À titre de comparaison, il existe 20 institutions accréditées JCI en Israël et seulement 10 cliniques de ce type en Allemagne.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"5e3aa27eb517bb3ffb486c42","name":"texts","title":"texts"}},{"id":"5ed8fe0931e02c46c85d467a","question":"Quelle est la meilleure période pour partir en Thaïlande ?","answer":"Le principal avantage des stations balnéaires thaïlandaises est la longue saison des plages. Les côtes est et ouest ont des climats différents, alors tenez-en compte lors de la planification de votre voyage. La meilleure période pour voyager est la saison fraîche et sèche de novembre à début avril. Un afflux important de touristes se produit en mars-mai, lorsque la température de l'air atteint +30°C.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"5e3aa27eb517bb3ffb486c42","name":"texts","title":"texts"}},{"id":"5ed8fb8f31e02c46c85d4677","question":"Que faut-il savoir sur la Thaïlande avant votre voyage ?","answer":"Nom officiel | royaume de Thaïlande |
Devise | Baht thaïlandais (vous pouvez également payer les services en dollars) |
Meilleure période pour voyager | Novembre-début avril |
Langue | Thaï (la plupart du personnel médical parle couramment anglais) |
Visa | requis pour un voyage de 3 à 6 mois |
Décalage horaire avec l'Europe | 7 heures |
Décalage horaire depuis les États-Unis | 12 heures |
Capital | Bangkok |
Centre de tourisme médical | Bangkok |
Stations populaires | Koh Samui, Phuket, Chiang Mai, Koh Chang, Hua Hin |
Le Royaume de Thaïlande propose des hôtels de différentes gammes de prix et niveaux de service. Le niveau des hôtels thaïlandais est comparable à celui des hôtels en Tunisie, au Maroc ou en Egypte. La plupart des touristes choisissent des hôtels 4 et 5 étoiles avec repas tout compris. De tels hôtels ont tout pour un séjour confortable : restauration variée, grands jardins bien entretenus, animations pour enfants et adultes. Certains hôtels disposent de leur propre parc aquatique, que les clients peuvent utiliser gratuitement. Les voyageurs à petit budget peuvent se permettre de réserver un hôtel 3 étoiles économique avec demi-pension ou sans repas du tout.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"5e3aa27eb517bb3ffb486c42","name":"texts","title":"texts"}},{"id":"5ed8fe416f5798138223b286","question":"Ai-je besoin d'un visa ?","answer":"Actuellement, le Royaume de Thaïlande exige différents régimes de visa selon les pays. Certains étrangers peuvent rester dans le pays sans contrôle de visa pendant 60 jours, d'autres seulement 14 jours.
La durée pendant laquelle vous pouvez rester en Thaïlande et les pays qui peuvent traverser la frontière peuvent être facilement lus ici .
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"5e3aa27eb517bb3ffb486c42","name":"texts","title":"texts"}}],"faqInSchema":false,"articles":[{"id":"fr:from-epilepsy-diagnosis-to-action-your-12-to-dos-roadmap","name":"Diagnostiqué avec l'épilepsie. Maintenant quoi? Votre feuille de route de 12 tâches","image":{"main":"https://bookimed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/articles/2fdd_b.jpeg","preview":"https://bookimed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/articles/2fdd_s.jpeg"},"author":{"first_name":"Anna","last_name":"Leonova","avatar":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/admin/5d24698525ec3_b.jpeg"}}],"relations":{"countries":[{"name":"Allemagne","alias":"germany","iso_code":"DE"},{"name":"Autriche","alias":"austria","iso_code":"AT"},{"name":"Azerbaïdjan","alias":"azerbaijan","iso_code":"AZ"},{"name":"Brésil","alias":"brazil","iso_code":"BR"},{"name":"Chine","alias":"china","iso_code":"CN"},{"name":"Emirats Arabes Unis","alias":"united-arab-emirates","iso_code":"AE"},{"name":"Espagne","alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},{"name":"France","alias":"france","iso_code":"FR"},{"name":"Inde","alias":"india","iso_code":"IN"},{"name":"Israël","alias":"israel","iso_code":"IL"},{"name":"Lituanie","alias":"lithuania","iso_code":"LT"},{"name":"Mexique","alias":"mexico","iso_code":"MX"},{"name":"Royaume-Uni","alias":"united-kingdom","iso_code":"GB"},{"name":"République de Corée","alias":"republic-of-korea","iso_code":"KR"},{"name":"Thaïlande","alias":"thailand","iso_code":"TH"},{"name":"Turquie","alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR"},{"name":"Ukraine","alias":"ukraine","iso_code":"UA"},{"name":"États-Unis","alias":"united-states","iso_code":"US"}],"cities":[{"name":"Phuket","alias":"phuket"},{"name":"Chiang Mai","alias":"chiang-mai"},{"name":"Bangkok","alias":"bangkok"}],"operations":[{"name":"Chirurgie de stimulation cérébrale profonde (DBS)","alias":"deep-brain-stimulation"},{"name":"Plusieurs transsections 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contact sports, heavy lifting and swimming only after surgeon clearance and seizure-safety review."},"final_result_months":{"min":12,"max":24,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Seizure outcome is usually judged 1-2 years after surgery; medication taper decisions are individualized."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":10,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After uncomplicated craniotomy, once neurosurgeon confirms stable neurological status, wound check and no seizure or CSF leak concerns."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":10,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Wound check and suture or staple removal."}},{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":60,"max":120,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Neurological review, seizure diary and medication review; often repeat MRI."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":365,"max":730,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Seizure outcome and neuropsychological reassessment."}}],"indications":["Drug-resistant focal epilepsy (failure of two appropriately chosen antiseizure medications)","Well-localized resectable focus, such as mesial temporal sclerosis","Structural lesion causing epilepsy (e.g. tumor, cavernoma, focal cortical dysplasia)","Disabling seizures with concordant presurgical findings (video-EEG, MRI, neuropsychology)"],"main_risks":["Visual field deficit (e.g. superior quadrantanopia after temporal resection)","Memory or language decline, especially with dominant-hemisphere surgery","Infection, bleeding or stroke","Cerebrospinal fluid leak or hydrocephalus","Mood changes, depression or anxiety","Focal neurological deficit depending on resection site","Anesthesia-related risks"],"pain":"Moderate headache and incision or jaw pain in the first days, controlled with oral or intravenous analgesia; usually settles within 1-2 weeks.","preparation":["Presurgical video-EEG, MRI, neuropsychology; often PET/SPECT or intracranial EEG","Multidisciplinary epilepsy surgery team review and informed consent","Preoperative blood tests and anesthetic assessment","Review all medicines; continue antiseizure medication","Fasting before surgery as instructed","Arrange support at home and discuss driving restrictions"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Hospital stay (days 0-7)","description":"Neurological monitoring, pain control, early mobilization and continued antiseizure medication.","restrictions":["No driving","Stay under supervision"]},{"phase":"Early home recovery (weeks 1-6)","description":"Fatigue, headache and wound healing; gradual increase in walking and daily activities.","restrictions":["No driving","No heavy lifting or strenuous activity","Avoid swimming and bathing alone"]},{"phase":"Return to activity (weeks 6-12)","description":"Return to work or study and graded exercise as cleared; cognitive and mood follow-up.","restrictions":["Follow local driving rules after seizure-free interval","Avoid contact sports until cleared"]},{"phase":"Long-term follow-up (months 3-24)","description":"Seizure outcome assessment, imaging, neuropsychology and decisions on medication tapering.","restrictions":[]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":30,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery after resective surgery such as temporal lobectomy; formal therapy only if a deficit exists."},"result_longevity":"Seizure freedom after resective surgery is often long-lasting, with roughly 50-70% of temporal lobe cases seizure-free at 5 years. Late relapses occur in some patients; durability depends on epilepsy type, lesion and completeness of resection.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":5,"max":15,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Repeat resective surgery for persistent or recurrent seizures within several years; rare early reoperation for bleeding or infection."},"scars":"Curved or linear scalp incision, usually in the hairline or behind it, healing to a thin scar largely hidden by hair; temporary shaved area possible.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"One resective operation after completed presurgical evaluation; invasive monitoring, when needed, is a separate preceding stage."},"stages":[{"code":"resection","label":"Resective surgery (e.g. anterior temporal lobectomy) under general anesthesia","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Day of surgery."}}],"qualifier":"Typical single-stage resection; follow-up checks are not counted as treatment sessions."},"success":{"metric":"Seizure freedom after temporal lobe resection","value":65,"unit":"percent of patients","horizon":"1-2 years after surgery","population":"Adults with drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and concordant presurgical findings","evidence_status":"limited"},"techniques":[{"name":"Anterior temporal lobectomy with amygdalohippocampectomy","suits_whom":"Drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy","recovery":"Hospital stay about 3-7 days; return to work about 6-12 weeks."},{"name":"Lesionectomy or focal cortical resection","suits_whom":"Epilepsy from a defined lesion (tumor, cavernoma, dysplasia) outside critical cortex","recovery":"Similar to craniotomy; hospital stay about 3-7 days."},{"name":"Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT)","suits_whom":"Small deep focus such as mesial temporal sclerosis or hypothalamic hamartoma","recovery":"Shorter stay, often 1-2 nights; faster return to activity."},{"name":"Disconnective surgery (corpus callosotomy, hemispherotomy)","suits_whom":"Selected drop-attack seizures or widespread unilateral damage, often in children","recovery":"Longer inpatient stay; individualized rehabilitation."},{"name":"Vagus nerve stimulator implantation (palliative)","suits_whom":"Drug-resistant epilepsy not suitable for resection","recovery":"Day case or 1 night; return to normal activity in days to 2 weeks."}],"treatment_conditions":["inpatient"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Operating time for a single resective craniotomy such as anterior temporal lobectomy; excludes anesthesia preparation and recovery."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Brain MRI epilepsy protocol on disc","Video-EEG monitoring report","Neurologist's epilepsy summary letter","List of tried antiseizure medications and doses","Neuropsychological testing report (if available)"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":2,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Single resective operation after remote review; 10-14 days stay. Second trip only if invasive monitoring or in-person evaluation needed first."},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Confirm the surgeon is trained and experienced in the exact procedure you are considering, not just in surgery generally","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.isaps.org/discover/patients-home/considering-your-procedure-abroad/finding-a-surgeon-abroad/","host":"isaps.org","quote":"Verify that the surgeon is trained and experienced in performing the procedure you are considering.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Ask for certification information and the name of the body that certified the surgical setting","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.isaps.org/discover/patients-home/considering-your-procedure-abroad/finding-a-surgeon-abroad/","host":"isaps.org","quote":"Ask for certification information and the name of the certifying body when assessing a surgical setting.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check that the surgeon who consults with you is the same person who will carry out the procedure","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Check that the surgeon you consult with, will be the same person carrying out the procedure.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Ask whether a doctor is always present in the clinic and whether a high dependency or intensive care unit exists","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.bapras.org.uk/public/patient-information/cosmetic-surgery/cosmetic-surgery-abroad","host":"bapras.org.uk","quote":"Is there always a doctor in the clinic and is there a high dependency or intensive care unit?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Ask whether the surgeon and the facility use a surgical safety checklist, which can reduce complications","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.isaps.org/discover/patients-home/considering-your-procedure-abroad/finding-a-surgeon-abroad/","host":"isaps.org","quote":"Do the surgeon and his/her facility use a safety checklist?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"An advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Any advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"Forceful persuasion or cheap, time-limited offers pushing you into a quick decision","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Don’t be pressured into quick decisions either through forceful persuasion or cheap, time limited offers.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"A price that sounds too good to be true probably is","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.plasticsurgery.org/news/articles/will-economic-uncertainty-drive-more-patients-overseas-for-plastic-surgery-what-to-consider-and-how-to-stretch-your-dollar-back-home","host":"plasticsurgery.org","quote":"If the price sounds too good to be true, it probably is.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"W1","text":"New trouble with memory or language","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.akamai.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/epilepsy-surgery/about/pac-20393981","host":"akamai.mayoclinic.org","quote":"Trouble with memory and language, which can affect your ability to communicate with and understand others.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":403}},{"id":"W2","text":"New changes in vision","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.akamai.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/epilepsy-surgery/about/pac-20393981","host":"akamai.mayoclinic.org","quote":"Visual changes where the fields of vision of your eyes overlap.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":403}},{"id":"W3","text":"Sudden 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alone","name":"Antiseizure medications","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/24781-antiseizure-medications-anticonvulsants","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Antiseizure medications can prevent seizures in about 7 out of 10 people who experience them.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200},"operation_id":null}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"technique_details":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"anterior-temporal-lobectomy","name":"Anterior temporal lobectomy with amygdalohippocampectomy","how_it_works":{"text":"Surgeons remove the temporal lobe part that causes seizures","source":{"url":"https://www.pennmedicine.org/Treatments/Temporal-lobectomy","host":"pennmedicine.org","quote":"Removes the part of the temporal lobe causing 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