{"key":"op_11_RO","page":{"url":"https://fr.bookimed.com/clinics/country=romania/procedure=laparoscopic-nephrectomy/","procedure":{"id":11,"slug":"laparoscopic-nephrectomy","name":"Néphrectomie laparoscopique","name_forms":{"plural":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"genitive":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"type":"surgery","grammar_number":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"parent_id":"oncology","family_attribute":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"country":{"id":116,"iso":"RO","name":"Roumanie"},"currency":"USD","data_date":"2025-03-31"},"pages":{"clinics_url":"https://fr.bookimed.com/clinics/country=romania/procedure=laparoscopic-nephrectomy/","cost_url":"https://fr.bookimed.com/clinics/country=romania/procedure=laparoscopic-nephrectomy/cost/","best_url":{"status":"missing","reason":"template not live"}},"price":{"from":9900,"to":12200,"avg":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"us":{"from":18000,"to":58000},"uk":{"from":13500,"to":17500},"by_technique":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"by_city":[{"city":"Bucarest","from":9900}],"per_unit":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"factors":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"tiers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"comparison":[{"country_iso":"UA","from":3500,"to":5000},{"country_iso":"FR","from":9800,"to":12500},{"country_iso":"GB","from":13500,"to":17500},{"country_iso":"US","from":18000,"to":58000},{"country_iso":"IL","from":17000,"to":25000},{"country_iso":"TR","from":7600,"to":13000},{"country_iso":"MX","from":12000,"to":18000},{"country_iso":"DE","from":33000,"to":37000},{"country_iso":"CA","from":24000,"to":36000},{"country_iso":"AE","from":11500,"to":19000},{"country_iso":"TH","from":9100,"to":12500},{"country_iso":"PL","from":9000,"to":14000},{"country_iso":"KR","from":13000,"to":14500},{"country_iso":"CZ","from":5700,"to":9500},{"country_iso":"AT","from":11500,"to":16200},{"country_iso":"ES","from":14000,"to":14500},{"country_iso":"IT","from":11500,"to":17000},{"country_iso":"CN","from":9500,"to":15500},{"country_iso":"AU","from":17000,"to":26000},{"country_iso":"IN","from":4500,"to":5800},{"country_iso":"MY","from":5800,"to":8800},{"country_iso":"VN","from":3500,"to":5600},{"country_iso":"BR","from":8000,"to":12500},{"country_iso":"EG","from":3400,"to":5500}],"base_country":"US","base_is_fallback":false},"savings":{"pct":45,"variant":">=15%"},"package":{"included":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"excluded":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"extra_charges":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"clinics":{"count":1,"items":[{"id":6339,"name":"Ponderas Academic Hospital","city":"Bucharest","rating":5,"reviews_count":5,"accreditations":["Bariatric Surgery Center of Excellence","Joint Commission International","Surgical Review Corporation","Robotic Surgery Center of Exellence","Colorectal Surgery Center for Excellence"],"rank":1,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"JCI-accredited hospital with 10 accreditations. Surgeons have performed over 1,500 robotic surgeries, including da Vinci Xi nephrectomies for minimally invasive kidney removal.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}}]},"doctors":{"count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"languages":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"cities":[{"id":2508,"slug":"bucharest","name":"Bucarest","clinics_count":1,"price_from":9900,"profile":{"city_type":"Capital and largest city of Romania","access":["Henri Coandă Airport (OTP), 17 km from the city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Coandă_International_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}}],"offers":{"active":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"active_with_related":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"hospital_nights_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"days_in_country_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"top_offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"related_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"other_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},"medical":{"indications":["Renal cancer unsuitable for partial nephrectomy (radical nephrectomy)","Upper tract urothelial carcinoma","Non-functioning kidney due to obstruction, chronic infection, reflux or stones","Symptomatic atrophic kidney with hypertension or recurrent infection"],"contraindications":["Uncorrected coagulopathy or bleeding disorder","Severe cardiopulmonary disease making anesthesia and pneumoperitoneum unsafe","Active uncontrolled infection or sepsis","Relative: large tumor, caval thrombus, or extensive prior surgery","Relative: severe obesity or hostile abdomen","Solitary kidney or poor contralateral function"],"operation_hours":{"min":2,"max":4,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Operative time for uncomplicated adult laparoscopic nephrectomy; longer for complex cases."},"anesthesia":["general"],"sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single operation."},"stages":[{"code":"surgery","label":"Laparoscopic removal of the kidney in one operation","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed on the day of surgery."}}],"qualifier":"Single-stage procedure."},"hospital_nights":{"value":{"min":2,"max":4,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Typical uncomplicated adult laparoscopic nephrectomy; longer if complications or for complex cases."},"source":"parsed_details"},"treatment_conditions":["inpatient"],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery to routine daily activities; formal physiotherapy not usually needed."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":7,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After discharge and early review; depends on surgeon clearance, recovery, and flight duration, with walking and hydration advised."},"back_to_work_days":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Desk work after about 2-4 weeks; heavy physical work often 4-6 weeks, depending on procedure and recovery."},"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":4,"max":8,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Light walking early; strenuous exercise and heavy lifting usually resumed around 4-8 weeks."},"final_result_months":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Time to full functional recovery and wound healing; oncologic or renal outcome assessed through follow-up."},"result_longevity":"Kidney removal is permanent. Outcome depends on indication: for cancer, long-term control is assessed by surveillance imaging; the remaining kidney usually compensates over months.","main_risks":["Bleeding, possibly requiring transfusion or conversion to open surgery","Injury to adjacent organs (bowel, spleen, liver, pancreas, vessels)","Wound infection, port-site hernia","Postoperative ileus, pneumonia, urinary tract infection","Venous thromboembolism","Reduced renal function or chronic kidney disease progression","Anesthesia-related risks and pneumoperitoneum-related effects"],"complication_rate_pct":{"min":10,"max":25,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Any complication within 90 days, mostly minor; major (Clavien III-V) complications about 3-7%."},"revision_rate_pct":{"min":1,"max":4,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Unplanned return to theatre or reoperation (bleeding, hernia, wound) within 90 days."},"success":{"metric":"Successful completion laparoscopically without conversion to open surgery","value":97,"horizon":"At surgery","source":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"evidence_status":"limited"},"scars":"Usually three to four small port-site scars (about 0.5-1.5 cm) plus one slightly longer incision (about 4-7 cm) if the kidney is extracted intact; usually fade over months.","pain":"Moderate postoperative pain at port sites and shoulder-tip pain from gas, usually controlled with oral analgesia within several days; less than open surgery.","preparation":["Preoperative imaging (CT/MRI) and assessment of contralateral kidney function","Blood tests, including renal function and coagulation, and anesthesia assessment","Fasting before surgery as instructed by the anesthesia team","Review of current medications with the surgical team","Thromboprophylaxis planning and smoking cessation advice"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Hospital stay (days 0-4)","description":"Early mobilization, catheter and drain removal as applicable, diet resumption, pain control.","restrictions":["No driving","Avoid lifting"]},{"phase":"Weeks 1-2","description":"Home recovery with walking, port-site healing, gradual reduction of analgesics.","restrictions":["Avoid lifting more than about 4-5 kg","No strenuous activity"]},{"phase":"Weeks 3-6","description":"Return to desk work and light activity; fatigue gradually resolves.","restrictions":["Avoid heavy lifting and intense exercise until cleared"]},{"phase":"Weeks 6-12","description":"Return to full activity as cleared by surgeon; follow-up of renal function and pathology plan.","restrictions":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}}],"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Early postoperative review, often with pathology results."}},{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":30,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Review of recovery and renal function (creatinine/eGFR) of remaining kidney."}}],"sources":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check the practitioner's experience with the surgery you plan to have, since it shows their skill with it","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Ask for examples of the practitioners’ experience with the surgery you are intending to have.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Check that the surgeon you consult is the same person who will carry out the procedure","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Check that the surgeon you consult with, will be the same person carrying out the procedure.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check the qualifications of the medical team that will treat you","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you checked the qualifications of the medical team treating you?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check that you can ask the team questions about your treatment","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you been able to ask them questions about your treatment?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Check that you are satisfied with the facilities and standards of the clinic or hospital","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Are you satisfied with the facilities and standards at the clinic or hospital where you'll be treated?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C6","text":"Check how your aftercare will be coordinated, since you may need care after returning","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Ensure you're clear about how your aftercare will be coordinated.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"Pressure into quick decisions or cheap, time-limited offers","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Don’t be pressured into quick decisions either through forceful persuasion or cheap, time limited offers.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"Package deals that combine surgery with holidays","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Be wary of package deals which combine surgery with holidays – any decision to have surgery should be taken based on medical reasons only.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"An advert or information guaranteeing complete success","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Any advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F4","text":"Adverts or advice that omit complications and aftercare requirements","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Make sure that any adverts or advice you receive when making your decision gives you all the necessary information, including any potential complications and aftercare requirements.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F5","text":"The clinic or surgeon cannot explain the practitioner’s experience with the planned surgery","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Ask for examples of the practitioners’ experience with the surgery you are intending to have.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"W1","text":"Redness or swelling of the wound site","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Any redness or swelling of the wound site after the operation may need further treatment.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"W2","text":"Major bleeding after kidney surgery","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Major bleeding is therefore a risk with any kidney operation, and may require a blood transfusion.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"W3","text":"Wound hernia at the surgical cut","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Delayed wound problems - this includes pain, numbness (usually temporary) and weakness of the abdominal wall muscles which can cause a wound hernia that may need surgical repair.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"W4","text":"Infection at the cut sites","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Infection - any cut to the skin carries a risk of infection.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"It gives home doctors important information about the admission and operation","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/laparoscopic-radical-removal-of-the-kidney/","host":"cuh.nhs.uk","quote":"When you leave hospital, you will be given a discharge summary of your admission.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"It provides results about the removed kidney and supports further treatment decisions","document":"pathology report","source":{"url":"https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/laparoscopic-radical-removal-of-the-kidney/","host":"cuh.nhs.uk","quote":"At this time, we will be able to inform you of the results of pathology tests on the removed kidney.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T4","text":"Home doctor needs the dates for required blood tests and follow-up appointments","document":"written aftercare plan","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"This should include any medication and doses, as well as any dates that blood tests and follow-up appointments must be carried out.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T5","text":"Ask for written details of the procedure before you leave the hospital","document":"written procedure details","source":{"url":"https://rcseng.ac.uk/patient-care/cosmetic-surgery/after-surgery/","host":"rcseng.ac.uk","quote":"After your surgery, before you leave the hospital, ask for written information about the procedure you've had.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"surgery","fields":{"anesthesia":["general"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Desk work after about 2-4 weeks; heavy physical work often 4-6 weeks, depending on procedure and recovery."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":10,"max":25,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Any complication within 90 days, mostly minor; major (Clavien III-V) complications about 3-7%."},"contraindications":["Uncorrected coagulopathy or bleeding disorder","Severe cardiopulmonary disease making anesthesia and pneumoperitoneum unsafe","Active uncontrolled infection or sepsis","Relative: large tumor, caval thrombus, or extensive prior surgery","Relative: severe obesity or hostile abdomen","Solitary kidney or poor contralateral function"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":2,"max":4,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Typical uncomplicated adult laparoscopic nephrectomy; longer if complications or for complex cases."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":4,"max":8,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Light walking early; strenuous exercise and heavy lifting usually resumed around 4-8 weeks."},"final_result_months":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Time to full functional recovery and wound healing; oncologic or renal outcome assessed through follow-up."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":7,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After discharge and early review; depends on surgeon clearance, recovery, and flight duration, with walking and hydration advised."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Early postoperative review, often with pathology results."}},{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":30,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Review of recovery and renal function (creatinine/eGFR) of remaining kidney."}}],"indications":["Renal cancer unsuitable for partial nephrectomy (radical nephrectomy)","Upper tract urothelial carcinoma","Non-functioning kidney due to obstruction, chronic infection, reflux or stones","Symptomatic atrophic kidney with hypertension or recurrent infection"],"main_risks":["Bleeding, possibly requiring transfusion or conversion to open surgery","Injury to adjacent organs (bowel, spleen, liver, pancreas, vessels)","Wound infection, port-site hernia","Postoperative ileus, pneumonia, urinary tract infection","Venous thromboembolism","Reduced renal function or chronic kidney disease progression","Anesthesia-related risks and pneumoperitoneum-related effects"],"pain":"Moderate postoperative pain at port sites and shoulder-tip pain from gas, usually controlled with oral analgesia within several days; less than open surgery.","preparation":["Preoperative imaging (CT/MRI) and assessment of contralateral kidney function","Blood tests, including renal function and coagulation, and anesthesia assessment","Fasting before surgery as instructed by the anesthesia team","Review of current medications with the surgical team","Thromboprophylaxis planning and smoking cessation advice"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Hospital stay (days 0-4)","description":"Early mobilization, catheter and drain removal as applicable, diet resumption, pain control.","restrictions":["No driving","Avoid lifting"]},{"phase":"Weeks 1-2","description":"Home recovery with walking, port-site healing, gradual reduction of analgesics.","restrictions":["Avoid lifting more than about 4-5 kg","No strenuous activity"]},{"phase":"Weeks 3-6","description":"Return to desk work and light activity; fatigue gradually resolves.","restrictions":["Avoid heavy lifting and intense exercise until cleared"]},{"phase":"Weeks 6-12","description":"Return to full activity as cleared by surgeon; follow-up of renal function and pathology plan.","restrictions":[]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery to routine daily activities; formal physiotherapy not usually needed."},"result_longevity":"Kidney removal is permanent. Outcome depends on indication: for cancer, long-term control is assessed by surveillance imaging; the remaining kidney usually compensates over months.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":1,"max":4,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Unplanned return to theatre or reoperation (bleeding, hernia, wound) within 90 days."},"scars":"Usually three to four small port-site scars (about 0.5-1.5 cm) plus one slightly longer incision (about 4-7 cm) if the kidney is extracted intact; usually fade over months.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single operation."},"stages":[{"code":"surgery","label":"Laparoscopic removal of the kidney in one operation","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed on the day of surgery."}}],"qualifier":"Single-stage procedure."},"success":{"metric":"Successful completion laparoscopically without conversion to open surgery","value":97,"unit":"percent","horizon":"At surgery","population":"Adults undergoing laparoscopic nephrectomy for benign or malignant kidney disease","evidence_status":"limited"},"techniques":[{"name":"Transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy","suits_whom":"Most patients, including larger tumors; offers wider working space.","recovery":"Typically 2-4 nights in hospital; return to desk work in about 2-4 weeks."},{"name":"Retroperitoneoscopic laparoscopic nephrectomy","suits_whom":"Selected patients, e.g., posterior tumors or prior abdominal surgery, with surgeon experience.","recovery":"Similar to transperitoneal approach."},{"name":"Hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy","suits_whom":"Larger kidneys or bulky specimens needing hand access.","recovery":"Similar, with slightly longer hand-port incision."}],"treatment_conditions":["inpatient"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":2,"max":4,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Operative time for uncomplicated adult laparoscopic nephrectomy; longer for complex cases."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Abdominal CT or MRI report with images","Recent creatinine and eGFR blood results","Biopsy report (if available)","Renal scintigraphy (DMSA) report (if available)","List of blood thinners","Previous abdominal surgery reports (if available)"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":1,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Single-stage surgery; stay about 7-10 days including 2-4 hospital nights and early review. Later follow-up is done remotely or locally."},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check the practitioner's experience with the surgery you plan to have, since it shows their skill with it","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Ask for examples of the practitioners’ experience with the surgery you are intending to have.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Check that the surgeon you consult is the same person who will carry out the procedure","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Check that the surgeon you consult with, will be the same person carrying out the procedure.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check the qualifications of the medical team that will treat you","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you checked the qualifications of the medical team treating you?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check that you can ask the team questions about your treatment","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you been able to ask them questions about your treatment?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Check that you are satisfied with the facilities and standards of the clinic or hospital","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Are you satisfied with the facilities and standards at the clinic or hospital where you'll be treated?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C6","text":"Check how your aftercare will be coordinated, since you may need care after returning","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Ensure you're clear about how your aftercare will be coordinated.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"Pressure into quick decisions or cheap, time-limited offers","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Don’t be pressured into quick decisions either through forceful persuasion or cheap, time limited offers.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"Package deals that combine surgery with holidays","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Be wary of package deals which combine surgery with holidays – any decision to have surgery should be taken based on medical reasons only.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"An advert or information guaranteeing complete success","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Any advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F4","text":"Adverts or advice that omit complications and aftercare requirements","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Make sure that any adverts or advice you receive when making your decision gives you all the necessary information, including any potential complications and aftercare requirements.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F5","text":"The clinic or surgeon cannot explain the practitioner’s experience with the planned surgery","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Ask for examples of the practitioners’ experience with the surgery you are intending to have.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"W1","text":"Redness or swelling of the wound site","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Any redness or swelling of the wound site after the operation may need further treatment.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"W2","text":"Major bleeding after kidney surgery","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Major bleeding is therefore a risk with any kidney operation, and may require a blood transfusion.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"W3","text":"Wound hernia at the surgical cut","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Delayed wound problems - this includes pain, numbness (usually temporary) and weakness of the abdominal wall muscles which can cause a wound hernia that may need surgical repair.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"W4","text":"Infection at the cut sites","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Infection - any cut to the skin carries a risk of infection.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"It gives home doctors important information about the admission and operation","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/laparoscopic-radical-removal-of-the-kidney/","host":"cuh.nhs.uk","quote":"When you leave hospital, you will be given a discharge summary of your admission.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"It provides results about the removed kidney and supports further treatment decisions","document":"pathology report","source":{"url":"https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/laparoscopic-radical-removal-of-the-kidney/","host":"cuh.nhs.uk","quote":"At this time, we will be able to inform you of the results of pathology tests on the removed kidney.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T4","text":"Home doctor needs the dates for required blood tests and follow-up appointments","document":"written aftercare plan","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"This should include any medication and doses, as well as any dates that blood tests and follow-up appointments must be carried out.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T5","text":"Ask for written details of the procedure before you leave the hospital","document":"written procedure details","source":{"url":"https://rcseng.ac.uk/patient-care/cosmetic-surgery/after-surgery/","host":"rcseng.ac.uk","quote":"After your surgery, before you leave the hospital, ask for written information about the procedure you've had.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"You are unfit for surgery and have a small tumor","name":"Observation alone","source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"This option can be suitable for small tumours in patients considered unfit for surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A2","text":"Your tumor is smaller and suits removal with kidney around it","name":"Partial nephrectomy","source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Removing the tumour with a rim of normal kidney, this is only suitable for select, smaller tumours.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A3","text":"Your tumor is small and you want the kidney left in place","name":"Radiofrequency ablation","source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Using heat or freezing to treat the tumour while leaving the kidney in the body.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":116}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"technique_details":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"transperitoneal-laparoscopic","name":"Transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy","how_it_works":{"text":"Surgeon reaches the kidney through the abdomen","source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"The risk of injuring the bowel is lower when the surgeon accesses the kidney through the back (retroperitoneal approach), rather than through the abdomen (transperitoneal approach).","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":3,"max":4,"unit":"weeks","label":"3–4 weeks","source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Quicker return to normal activity, usually 3 to 4 weeks after keyhole surgery as compared with 6 to 8 weeks after open surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}},{"id":"retroperitoneoscopic","name":"Retroperitoneoscopic laparoscopic nephrectomy","how_it_works":{"text":"Surgeon reaches the kidney through the back","source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"The risk of injuring the bowel is lower when the surgeon accesses the kidney through the back (retroperitoneal approach), rather than through the abdomen (transperitoneal approach).","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}},{"id":"hand-assisted-laparoscopic","name":"Hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy","how_it_works":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1}}},"techniques":[{"id":"transperitoneal-laparoscopic","name":"Transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"Surgeon reaches the kidney through the abdomen","source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"The risk of injuring the bowel is lower when the surgeon accesses the kidney through the back (retroperitoneal approach), rather than through the abdomen (transperitoneal approach).","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":3,"max":4,"unit":"weeks","label":"3–4 weeks","source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Quicker return to normal activity, usually 3 to 4 weeks after keyhole surgery as compared with 6 to 8 weeks after open surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"suits_whom":"Most patients, including larger tumors; offers wider working space.","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Typically 2-4 nights in hospital; return to desk work in about 2-4 weeks."},{"id":"retroperitoneoscopic","name":"Retroperitoneoscopic laparoscopic nephrectomy","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"Surgeon reaches the kidney through the back","source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"The risk of injuring the bowel is lower when the surgeon accesses the kidney through the back (retroperitoneal approach), rather than through the abdomen (transperitoneal approach).","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Selected patients, e.g., posterior tumors or prior abdominal surgery, with surgeon experience.","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Similar to transperitoneal approach."},{"id":"hand-assisted-laparoscopic","name":"Hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy","how_it_works":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Larger kidneys or bulky specimens needing hand access.","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Similar, with slightly longer hand-port incision."}],"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"You are unfit for surgery and have a small tumor","name":"Observation alone","source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"This option can be suitable for small tumours in patients considered unfit for surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A2","text":"Your tumor is smaller and suits removal with kidney around it","name":"Partial nephrectomy","source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Removing the tumour with a rim of normal kidney, this is only suitable for select, smaller tumours.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A3","text":"Your tumor is small and you want the kidney left in place","name":"Radiofrequency ablation","source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/laparoscopic-nephrectomy-and-nephroureterectomy/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Using heat or freezing to treat the tumour while leaving the kidney in the body.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":116}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"diagnostic":{"status":"not_applicable"},"country":{"why":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source","checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-02-09"},"travel":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"V1","item":"visa","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"UK passport holders can visit Romania without a visa for up to 90 days in any 180-day period","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/romania/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"You can travel without a visa to the Schengen area , which includes Romania, for up to 90 days in any 180-day period.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V2","item":"visa","audience":"us","volatile":true,"text":"U.S. citizens with a valid passport book can stay in the Schengen area, including Romania, up to 90 days in any 180-day period for tourism or business","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Romania.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"With a valid U.S. passport book, U.S. citizens can stay up to 90 days in the Schengen area for tourism or business during any 180-day period.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V3","item":"passport_validity","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"A UK passport must expire at least 3 months after the date you plan to leave the Schengen area","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/romania/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"an ‘expiry date’ at least 3 months after the date you plan to leave the Schengen area (the expiry date does not need to be within 10 years of the date of issue)","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V4","item":"passport_validity","audience":"us","volatile":true,"text":"A U.S. passport must be valid for at least three months beyond your departure date from Romania","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Romania.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"You must have a U.S. passport that is valid for at least three months beyond your departure date from Romania .","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V5","item":"medicines","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Carry prescription medication in its original packaging, along with your doctor's prescription","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Romania.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Always carry your prescription medication in original packaging, along with your doctor’s prescription.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V6","item":"ghic","audience":"uk","volatile":false,"text":"To get medically necessary state healthcare in Romania, UK travelers need a GHIC or an EHIC","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/romania/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"To get medically necessary state healthcare in Romania, you need a Global Health Insurance Card ( GHIC ) or a European Health Insurance Card ( EHIC ).","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V7","item":"hospital_payment","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Hospitals and doctors in Romania often require payment up front before service or admission","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Romania.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Hospitals and doctors often require payment “up front” prior to service or admission.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V8","item":"emergency_number","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Dial 112 and ask for an ambulance","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/romania/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"Dial 112 and ask for an ambulance.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2026-12-11","version":1},"other_countries_with_page":["azerbaijan","china","czech-republic","egypt","germany","greece","india","israel","italy","mexico","poland","republic-of-korea","spain","switzerland","thailand","turkey","ukraine","united-states"]},"often_combined_with":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews":{"avg_rating":5,"count":5,"scope":"clinic","rating_scale":5,"pros":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"cons":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"current":{"seo_text":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"faq":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"h2":[{"text":"Quel est le Coût pour votre Néphrectomie laparoscopique en Roumanie ?","kind":"content"},{"text":"Vos avantages et garanties avec Bookimed","kind":"content"},{"text":"Votre coordinateur médical personnel","kind":"content"},{"text":"Découvrez les Meilleures Cliniques pour Votre Néphrectomie laparoscopique en Roumanie : 1 Options Vérifiées et Prix","kind":"content"},{"text":"Aperçu de néphrectomie laparoscopique en Roumanie","kind":"content"},{"text":"Obtenez une évaluation médicale pour Néphrectomie laparoscopique en Roumanie : Choisissez le meilleur spécialiste dans le domaine","kind":"content"},{"text":"Histoires vidéo des patients de Bookimed","kind":"content"},{"text":"Partager ce contenu","kind":"content"},{"text":"Obtenez une consultation gratuite","kind":"content"}]},"placeholders":{"price_from":"{{price_from}}","clinics_count":"{{clinics_count}}","cities_count":"{{cities_count}}","savings_pct":"{{savings_pct}}","data_date":"{{data_date}}"},"legal":{"restricted_markets":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"conflicts":[]}