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JCI-accredited; surgeons ISAPS board-certified.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":9270,"name":"Dr. Ruber Almanza","city":"Bogota","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["American Society of Plastic Surgeons"],"rank":44,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"VectraH2 3D modeling for pre-surgery previews. Indiba radiofrequency reduces swelling. Surgeon performed 2,000+ facial procedures and is ASPS board-certified.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":3691,"name":"Bonilla Plastic Surgery","city":"Cartagena","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":45,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}}]},"doctors":{"count":10,"languages":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"cities":[{"id":2522,"slug":"medellin","name":"Medellín","clinics_count":1,"price_from":9000,"profile":{"city_type":"Second-largest city in Colombia","access":["Medellín Airport (MDE), 20 km from Medellín"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medellín","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/José_María_Córdova_International_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}}],"offers":{"active":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"active_with_related":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"hospital_nights_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"days_in_country_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"top_offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"related_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"other_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},"medical":{"indications":["Loose or sagging neck skin","Visible platysmal bands","Loss of jawline and neck definition","Submental fullness with skin laxity","Aging-related neck contour changes","Excess or prominent submental fat (neck adiposity)"],"contraindications":["Smoking or nicotine use impairing skin healing","Uncontrolled hypertension or significant cardiovascular disease","Bleeding or clotting disorders, or unmanageable anticoagulant use","Uncontrolled diabetes or other poorly controlled systemic illness","Active skin infection in the surgical area","Pregnancy","Unrealistic expectations or untreated body dysmorphic disorder","Unfit for general anesthesia","Poor wound healing, abnormal scarring, or immunosuppressive therapy","Vasculitis or connective tissue disease affecting wound healing"],"operation_hours":{"min":2,"max":4,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Standalone neck lift surgery; longer if combined with other procedures."},"anesthesia":["general"],"sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single surgical procedure."},"stages":[{"code":"surgery","label":"Neck lift surgery","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed on day of procedure."}}],"qualifier":"Standalone neck lift is typically a single operation."},"hospital_nights":{"value":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Planned day case: zero nights, same-day discharge. Overnight observation is outside this profile."},"source":"parsed_details"},"treatment_conditions":["day_case"],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"About 7-14 days to ordinary light activities. Swelling may persist; strenuous-exercise limits and scar maturation take longer."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Counted from surgery day. Fly once surgeon excludes hematoma and wound problems. Arrange suture removal and reviews at home beforehand."},"back_to_work_days":{"min":10,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"About 10-14 days to desk work, as comfort and wounds permit. Physical work needs later clearance; combined procedures excluded."},"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Light walking early; strenuous exercise and heavy lifting after surgeon clearance."},"final_result_months":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Swelling resolves gradually; scar maturation continues longer."},"result_longevity":"Results are long-lasting, often many years, but natural aging continues and duration varies by technique, skin quality and lifestyle.","main_risks":["Hematoma","Infection","Scarring, including hypertrophic scars","Temporary or permanent nerve injury causing numbness or weakness","Skin necrosis, especially in smokers","Contour irregularities or asymmetry","Persistent swelling or seroma","Anesthesia-related risks"],"complication_rate_pct":{"min":2,"max":6,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Major early complication within about 3 months: hematoma needing surgery, skin necrosis or deep infection. Excludes bruising, nerve injury."},"revision_rate_pct":{"min":2,"max":8,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Unplanned corrective surgery within about 2 years, e.g. for residual laxity, irregularity, banding or scar. Planned stages excluded."},"success":{"metric":"Patients satisfied with neck contour and not needing a corrective operation","value":80,"horizon":"12 months after surgery","source":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"evidence_status":"limited"},"scars":"Incisions are usually placed under the chin and/or behind the ears, and scars are generally discreet and fade over months.","pain":"Mild to moderate discomfort, tightness and numbness for the first days, usually controlled with oral analgesics.","preparation":["Preoperative consultation and medical assessment","Routine preoperative tests as indicated by age and health","Stop smoking and nicotine well before surgery","Review of medications, blood thinners and supplements with the surgeon","Fasting before general anesthesia as instructed","Arrange transport and help at home after surgery","Preoperative photographs"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Day of surgery (day case)","description":"General anesthesia, then same-day discharge with a responsible adult. Compression garment on; any drain usually removed at first review.","restrictions":["Rest with head elevated","No driving for 24 hours or while sedated","Adult stays with you the first night"]},{"phase":"Days 1-3","description":"Swelling, bruising, tightness and numbness peak. Take short indoor walks often. First wound review checks drain and dressing.","restrictions":["Sleep and rest with head elevated","No strenuous activity or heavy lifting","Wear compression garment as instructed"]},{"phase":"Days 4-14","description":"Swelling and bruising gradually fade. Non-dissolving sutures come out at about 7-14 days. Desk work is often possible at 10-14 days.","restrictions":["Avoid heavy lifting, bending and neck strain","No sunbathing or saunas","Light walking only"]},{"phase":"Weeks 3-6","description":"Most swelling resolves. Gradual return to exercise once the surgeon clears it.","restrictions":["No strenuous exercise or lifting until cleared (3-6 weeks)"]},{"phase":"Months 3-6","description":"Final contour becomes clearer as residual swelling resolves. Scars continue to mature beyond these first 3-6 months.","restrictions":["Protect scars from sun","Avoid scar-stretching activity as advised"]},{"phase":"At any time","description":"Seek urgent care for rapid one-sided neck swelling, severe pain, breathing or swallowing trouble, fever, pus or dark skin. Report new facial weakness.","restrictions":["Do not wait for the next scheduled review","Call emergency services for breathing difficulty"]}],"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Early check and drain/dressing review if used."}},{"purpose":"suture_removal","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Removal of non-dissolving sutures."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":30,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Assessment of healing and contour."}}],"sources":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check whether the surgeon has extensive experience with neck lift surgery","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.theaestheticsociety.org/procedures/head-face/neck-lift/selecting-surgeon","host":"theaestheticsociety.org","quote":"Does the surgeon have extensive experience with neck lift surgery?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Ask to see before-and-after photos of the surgeon's neck lift results","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.theaestheticsociety.org/procedures/head-face/neck-lift/selecting-surgeon","host":"theaestheticsociety.org","quote":"Do you have neck lift surgery before-and-after photos that I can see?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Ask whether the surgeon has hospital privileges to perform neck lifts, and at which hospitals","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://plasticsurgery.org/cosmetic-procedures/neck-lift/questions","host":"plasticsurgery.org","quote":"Do you have hospital privileges to perform this procedure? If so, at which hospitals?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check the qualifications of the whole medical team that will treat you abroad","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you checked the qualifications of the medical team treating you?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Check that you have two consultations with the operating surgeon before any surgery","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cosmetic-procedures/cosmetic-surgery-abroad/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"You should have 2 consultations with the surgeon treating you before any surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C6","text":"Ask the surgeon what risks and complications are associated with your procedure","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://plasticsurgery.org/cosmetic-procedures/neck-lift/questions","host":"plasticsurgery.org","quote":"What are the risks and complications associated with my procedure?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-11-11","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"A meeting only with sales staff, with no consultation with the surgeon, is a warning sign","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cosmetic-procedures/cosmetic-surgery-abroad/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"make sure you have a consultation with the surgeon (avoid meetings only with sales people).","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"Cosmetic surgery sold as part of a holiday deal is a warning sign to be cautious about","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cosmetic-procedures/cosmetic-surgery-abroad/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Be cautious of websites selling cosmetic surgery as part of a holiday.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"Paying before you have seen the hospital is a warning sign when booking surgery abroad","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cosmetic-procedures/cosmetic-surgery-abroad/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"do not pay for a hospital you have never seen","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-11-11","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"W1","text":"Abnormal swelling in an arm or leg","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/23364-neck-lift-platysmaplasty","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Blood clot symptoms, such as abnormal swelling in your arm or leg.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"W2","text":"Incision that is unusually sore to touch","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/23364-neck-lift-platysmaplasty","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"If your incision is unusually sore to touch.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"W3","text":"Fever or chills after surgery","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":true,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/23364-neck-lift-platysmaplasty","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Fever or chills, which can be a sign of infection.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-11-11","version":1},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Your home doctor needs the operation details to plan any follow-up care","document":"operation details and consultant name","source":{"url":"https://www.worcsacute.nhs.uk/leaflets/discharge-advice-following-your-surgery/","host":"worcsacute.nhs.uk","quote":"You should be given details about the operation you have had and who your consultant is.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Home doctor needs the clinic's follow-up recommendations in a written discharge summary","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"When you have treatment abroad, you must ask the treatment provider for their follow-up recommendations documented within a written discharge summary in English.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T4","text":"Home doctor needs the dates for required blood tests and follow-up appointments","document":"written aftercare plan","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"This should include any medication and doses, as well as any dates that blood tests and follow-up appointments must be carried out.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-11-11","version":1}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"surgery","fields":{"anesthesia":["general"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":10,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"About 10-14 days to desk work, as comfort and wounds permit. Physical work needs later clearance; combined procedures excluded."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":2,"max":6,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Major early complication within about 3 months: hematoma needing surgery, skin necrosis or deep infection. Excludes bruising, nerve injury."},"contraindications":["Smoking or nicotine use impairing skin healing","Uncontrolled hypertension or significant cardiovascular disease","Bleeding or clotting disorders, or unmanageable anticoagulant use","Uncontrolled diabetes or other poorly controlled systemic illness","Active skin infection in the surgical area","Pregnancy","Unrealistic expectations or untreated body dysmorphic disorder","Unfit for general anesthesia","Poor wound healing, abnormal scarring, or immunosuppressive therapy","Vasculitis or connective tissue disease affecting wound healing"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Planned day case: zero nights, same-day discharge. Overnight observation is outside this profile."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Light walking early; strenuous exercise and heavy lifting after surgeon clearance."},"final_result_months":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Swelling resolves gradually; scar maturation continues longer."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Counted from surgery day. Fly once surgeon excludes hematoma and wound problems. 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Gradual return to exercise once the surgeon clears it.","restrictions":["No strenuous exercise or lifting until cleared (3-6 weeks)"]},{"phase":"Months 3-6","description":"Final contour becomes clearer as residual swelling resolves. Scars continue to mature beyond these first 3-6 months.","restrictions":["Protect scars from sun","Avoid scar-stretching activity as advised"]},{"phase":"At any time","description":"Seek urgent care for rapid one-sided neck swelling, severe pain, breathing or swallowing trouble, fever, pus or dark skin. Report new facial weakness.","restrictions":["Do not wait for the next scheduled review","Call emergency services for breathing difficulty"]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"About 7-14 days to ordinary light activities. Swelling may persist; strenuous-exercise limits and scar maturation take longer."},"result_longevity":"Results are long-lasting, often many years, but natural aging continues and duration varies by technique, skin quality and lifestyle.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":2,"max":8,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Unplanned corrective surgery within about 2 years, e.g. for residual laxity, irregularity, banding or scar. Planned stages excluded."},"scars":"Incisions are usually placed under the chin and/or behind the ears, and scars are generally discreet and fade over months.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single surgical procedure."},"stages":[{"code":"surgery","label":"Neck lift surgery","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed on day of procedure."}}],"qualifier":"Standalone neck lift is typically a single operation."},"success":{"metric":"Patients satisfied with neck contour and not needing a corrective operation","value":80,"unit":"percent","horizon":"12 months after surgery","population":"Healthy adults undergoing standalone primary neck lift with platysmaplasty under general anesthesia","evidence_status":"limited"},"techniques":[{"name":"Platysmaplasty neck lift with submental incision and liposuction","suits_whom":"Adults with platysmal bands, submental fullness and mild to moderate skin laxity","recovery":"Social recovery about 1-2 weeks; strenuous exercise after clearance at 3-6 weeks."},{"name":"Extended neck lift (lower rhytidectomy) with postauricular incisions","suits_whom":"Moderate to marked skin laxity","recovery":"Often longer swelling; timelines may exceed the primary protocol."},{"name":"Limited-incision neck lift","suits_whom":"Good skin elasticity with mainly submental fat and mild banding","recovery":"Often shorter swelling; return to work may be slightly earlier."}],"treatment_conditions":["day_case"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":2,"max":4,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Standalone neck lift surgery; longer if combined with other procedures."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Front, side and oblique photos of face","Neck photos in relaxed and raised-chin positions","Medication list including blood thinners","Previous facial or neck surgery reports (if available)","Recent blood tests or ECG (if available)"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":1,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Single-stage surgery; stay about 7-14 days until suture removal and surgeon clearance to fly."},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check whether the surgeon has extensive experience with neck lift surgery","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.theaestheticsociety.org/procedures/head-face/neck-lift/selecting-surgeon","host":"theaestheticsociety.org","quote":"Does the surgeon have extensive experience with neck lift surgery?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Ask to see before-and-after photos of the surgeon's neck lift results","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.theaestheticsociety.org/procedures/head-face/neck-lift/selecting-surgeon","host":"theaestheticsociety.org","quote":"Do you have neck lift surgery before-and-after photos that I can see?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Ask whether the surgeon has hospital privileges to perform neck lifts, and at which hospitals","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://plasticsurgery.org/cosmetic-procedures/neck-lift/questions","host":"plasticsurgery.org","quote":"Do you have hospital privileges to perform this procedure? If so, at which hospitals?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check the qualifications of the whole medical team that will treat you abroad","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you checked the qualifications of the medical team treating you?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Check that you have two consultations with the operating surgeon before any surgery","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cosmetic-procedures/cosmetic-surgery-abroad/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"You should have 2 consultations with the surgeon treating you before any surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C6","text":"Ask the surgeon what risks and complications are associated with your procedure","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://plasticsurgery.org/cosmetic-procedures/neck-lift/questions","host":"plasticsurgery.org","quote":"What are the risks and complications associated with my procedure?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-11-11","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"A meeting only with sales staff, with no consultation with the surgeon, is a warning sign","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cosmetic-procedures/cosmetic-surgery-abroad/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"make sure you have a consultation with the surgeon (avoid meetings only with sales people).","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"Cosmetic surgery sold as part of a holiday deal is a warning sign to be cautious 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for payment upfront before admission","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Colombia.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Hospitals and doctors may ask for payment upfront before admission.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V7","item":"emergency_number","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Call 123 and ask for an ambulance","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/colombia/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"Call 123 and ask for an 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